Let's say you have a matrix n. How do we best denote the inverse of its transpose? You would probably write or because it is the same. However, today at the office we decided to henceforth write instead. It seems abusive at first, but I can make it formal for you, if you care for that kind of stuff. As we all know, the transpose of is . In other words, the transposition operator which maps to its transpose satisfies . So far, the exponentiation map is defined as mapping . We instead consider the ring and extend the domain of the exponentiation map to \ast , where \ast denotes the homogeneous elements of . This way, you can write instead of and you have as required. Note that by restricting to homogeneous elements in , we get and for all \ast .